Vaccine Information Statements

Vaccine Basics

Vaccines help prevent people from getting sick. They also help reduce the spread of disease to others and prevent epidemics. There are many kinds of vaccines. Each vaccine is made up of parts of weakened or killed bacteria or viruses of a specific disease. After you have a vaccine, your body's immune system makes antibodies to fight the disease. If you are exposed to the same disease in the future, the antibodies kill the bacteria or viruses before they have a chance to make you sick.

If you get a vaccine, it may not completely prevent you from getting a disease, but it makes it much less likely. If you get a disease even after you have been vaccinated, it usually will be only a mild case.

Vaccines are usually given by shot (injection). Some are given by mouth as a pill or liquid, or by a spray (aerosol) into the nose. Vaccines are also called immunizations.

Immunization Schedules

In the United States, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP), and other national organizations advise people about which immunizations they should get and when. Immunization schedules are for healthy children, teens, and adults as well as for people who have health problems and other circumstances, including pregnancy, asthma, or diabetes. Your doctor can help you decide the best vaccination schedule for your family.

Children and teens in the United States usually need proof that their immunizations are up-to-date before they can start school or day care. Also, students of any age entering college usually need to have a written record showing that their immunizations are up-to-date.

The CDC may recommend certain immunizations for people who are going to travel to a foreign country.

Where to Get Vaccinated in Your Area

There are many resources to help you find where to go to get vaccinated. You can go to your local pharmacy or visit their website to make an appointment. Your primary care provider may also be able to give you a vaccine or help your find where to go. Other good resources are your local health department or your health insurance company. They can also give you information on vaccines and help you know where to get them.